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1.
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Whose theory of relativity replaced Newton's comforting belief in a world
run by absolute laws of motion and gravity?
a. | Sigmund Freud | b. | Albert Einstein | c. | Charles
Lindbergh | d. | F. Scott Fitzgerald |
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2.
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After World War I, most European nations had what type of government, if only
temporarily?
a. | Fascist | b. | Socialist | c. | Communist | d. | democratic |
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3.
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What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
a. | the end of World War I | b. | the passage of the Dawes
Plan | c. | the stock market crash of 1929 | d. | the election of Franklin
Roosevelt |
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4.
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Il Duce was the title of which of the following leaders?
a. | Juan Péron | b. | Adolf Hitler | c. | Haile
Selassie | d. | Benito Mussolini |
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5.
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Which German political party sought to overturn the Treaty of Versailles and
combat communism?
a. | Socialist | b. | Nazi | c. | Fascist | d. | Republican |
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6.
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Which of the following was true of Germany, Italy, and Japan during the early
1930s?
a. | All three successfully invaded other nations. | b. | All three had
governments controlled by Fascists. | c. | All three signed nonaggression pacts with the
Soviet Union. | d. | All three pledged to undo the decisions of the Versailles
Treaty. |
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7.
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What term was used to identify the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan?
a. | Fascist Powers | b. | Allied Powers | c. | Axis
Powers | d. | Central Powers |
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8.
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What was the goal of U.S. isolationists after World War I?
a. | that Nazi ties to other countries should be combatted | b. | that political ties
to other countries should be avoided | c. | that foreign aid to other countries should be
lessened | d. | that industrial ties to other countries should be
ended |
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9.
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What did Germany do to the Rhineland in 1936?
a. | It annexed the Rhineland to Belgium. | b. | It surrendered the Rhineland to
France. | c. | The Rhineland was remilitarized by Germany. | d. | The Rhineland became
industrialized. |
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10.
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What happened to the Sudetenland in 1938?
a. | Germany invaded it. | b. | Germany annexed it. | c. | It became
independent. | d. | Austria annexed it. |
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11.
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What happened to the rest of Czechoslovakia?
a. | It was annexed to Germany in 1939. | b. | It surrendered to Germany in
1939. | c. | It was remilitarized by Germany in 1939. | d. | It remained
neutral. |
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12.
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What is a main idea of the philosophy known as existentialism?
a. | that one should find his or her own meaning in life | b. | that one should make
choices in life based on universal truth | c. | that one should learn to delight in what is
absurd and nonsensical | d. | that one should consider the needs of the state
above his or her own |
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13.
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What effect did World War I have on the literature of the 1920s?
a. | War stories became very popular. | b. | Literature declined because many writers died
in the war. | c. | Writers expressed disillusionment about reason and progress. | d. | Writers began to
warn people about flaws in the Treaty of Versailles. |
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14.
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Which of the following does fascism stress?
a. | nationalism | b. | isolationism | c. | individual
rights | d. | a classless society |
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15.
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What was the policy of appeasement?
a. | the British and French decision to give into aggression to keep
peace | b. | the move that Mussolini made to form an alliance with Germany | c. | the U.S. desire to
stay out of foreign affairs | d. | the treaty between Germany and the Soviet Union
agreeing not to fight against each other |
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16.
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Why did Japan invade Manchuria?
a. | to revenge an ancient grudge | b. | to gain its iron ore and coal
deposits | c. | to regain land lost in the Russo-Japanese War | d. | to obey the terms of
the Kellogg-Briand Pact |
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17.
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How did the expansion into Poland differ from that of Austria?
a. | Poland was taken by force, whereas Austria was annexed. | b. | Austria was taken by
force, whereas Poland was annexed. | c. | Austria was remilitarized with the Rhineland,
whereas Poland was conquered. | d. | Poland was remilitarized with the Rhineland,
whereas Austria was annexed. |
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18.
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Why would Czechloslovakia have been hard to defend against Germany in
1939?
a. | There were no natural boundaries. | b. | Its western half was surrounded by
Germany. | c. | Germany had an alliance with the Soviet Union. | d. | Its capital city was
on the border with Austria. |
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19.
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Why did Germany want Northern Poland?
a. | It wanted the Vistula River. | b. | It wanted to join Lithuania with
Germany. | c. | It wanted the southern coastline of the Baltic Sea. | d. | It wanted the Baltic
Seaport of Danzig. |
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20.
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How did Sigmund Freud's ideas weaken faith in reason?
a. | He taught that mental illness was the normal human condition. | b. | He proposed absolute
laws about the human mind. | c. | He believed that much of human behavior is
irrational. | d. | He believed that much of human behavior is
supernatural. |
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21.
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Why did coalition governments usually prove unstable?
a. | They were based on the ideas of a minority political group. | b. | They were
established by foreign governments and did not benefit the country. | c. | They were run by
members of the aristocracy, whom no one trusted. | d. | They were alliances of several parties who
disagreed on many policies. |
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22.
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Why did millions of Germans turn against the leaders of the Weimar
Republic?
a. | They had signed the Treaty of Versailles. | b. | Their leadership led
to the loss of the war. | c. | They were members of the Nazi
party. | d. | The country was not ready for a democratic
government. |
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23.
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What was the major cause of the collapse of the stock market?
a. | American businesses failed. | b. | More people bought stock than sold
it. | c. | Stocks sold for more than they were worth. | d. | More stocks were
sold than there were shares in companies. |
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24.
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What fear added to the appeal of fascism in Italy and Germany?
a. | a Communist revolution | b. | a loss of individual rights | c. | government ties to
industry | d. | all of the above |
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25.
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Why did Hitler target the Jewish population as scapegoats for all of
Germany's troubles?
a. | The Jewish people had aided Germany's enemies in World War
I. | b. | Hatred of Jews, or anti-Semitism, was a key part of Nazi
ideology. | c. | The Jewish population in Germany outnumbered the size of the Nazi
party. | d. | Jewish people held most of the prominent roles in the German
government. |
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26.
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The Munich Conference came to symbolize the dangers of what?
a. | Communism | b. | appeasement | c. | negotiation | d. | militarism |
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27.
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What important role did Winston Churchill play during this period?
a. | He was prime minister of Great Britain. | b. | He was the British
delegate at the Munich Conference. | c. | He warned that the policy of appeasement was a
disaster. | d. | He suggested turning Danzig over to Germany. |
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28.
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In what way was Japan different from its allies Germany and Italy?
a. | It established a successful democracy. | b. | It was ruled by a hereditary
aristocracy.. | c. | It kept its economy prosperous throughout the Depression. | d. | It was ruled by
militarists who kept the emperor in power. |
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29.
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Recognizing Effects What were two ways in which the effects of World War
I continued to be felt in the decades that followed it? Explain your answers.
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30.
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Analyzing Motives Why were Great Britain and France so eager to appease
Germany? Were the attitudes of the British and the French leaders reasonable? Explain your answer,
citing evidence from the chapter.
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31.
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Drawing Conclusions What role did fear play in causing and prolonging the
Great Depression?
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32.
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Forming and Supporting Opinions Why did the newly established democracies
of Europe have trouble surviving in the years after World War I?
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33.
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Drawing ConclusionsWhat conditions and situations helped Fascists come to
power in Germany and Italy in the 1920s?
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